Shabby espalier with a few main branches.
To build a new floor, a ridge shoot from the floor below is diverted.

Features of standard tree:

• two-dimensional espalier shape with plane-filling framework branches
• framework branches in ‘tiers’
  
• ‘loose’ espalier (without strict symmetry)
• without a central branch
• fruit wood is grown quite close to the framework branch (if possible)

[mks_icon icon=”fa-thumbs-up” color=”#009900″ type=”fa”] For additional information see main article: Fan.